I have a similar problem. I use Android Auto with my One Plus Nord N10 5G. I am running Android 11 using wireless connection to the Android Auto. Sometimes (not always), when I make a phone call, I can hear the person I have called but they cannot hear me. If I hang up the phone and retry, all works normally. I have not been able to pinpoint the cause.
The mention of the MUTE button made me think that next time it happens I will try to MUTE and then UNMUTE to see if the problem goes away.
The mention of the MUTE button made me think that next time it happens I will try to MUTE and then UNMUTE to see if the problem goes away.